Altered cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic signal transmission with glial involvement in depression

Altered cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic signal transmission with glial involvement in depression.

Abnormalities in L-glutamic acid (glutamate) and GABA signal transmission have been postulated to play a role in depression, but little is known about the underlying molecular determinants and neural mechanisms. Microarray analysis of specific areas of cerebral cortex from individuals who had suffered from major depressive disorder demonstrated significant down-regulation of SLC1A2 and SLC1A3, ...

CORTICAL GLUTAMATERGIC AND GABAergic SYNAPTIC NEUROTRANSMISSION

Neuronal-glial glucose oxidation and glutamatergic-GABAergic function.

Prior 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) experiments, which simultaneously measured in vivo rates of total glutamate-glutamine cycling (V(cyc(tot))) and neuronal glucose oxidation (CMR(glc(ox), N)), revealed a linear relationship between these fluxes above isoelectricity, with a slope of approximately 1. In vitro glial culture studies examining glutamate uptake indicated that glutamate, ...

Opposite changes in glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission underlie the diffuse hyperexcitability of synapsin I-deficient cortical networks.

Synapsins (Syns) are synaptic vesicle (SV) phosphoproteins that play a role in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Mutation of the SYN1 gene results in an epileptic phenotype in mouse and man, implicating SynI in the control of network excitability. We used microelectrode array and patch-clamp recordings to study network activity in primary cortical neurons from wild-type (WT) or SynI knockou...

Excitatory GABAergic activation of cortical dividing glial cells.

Adult neocortex contains dividing satellite glia population even though their characteristics and functions have still remained unknown. Nestin(+)/NG2(+) cells as major fraction of dividing glial cells express bicuculline-sensitive gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptors and receive GABAergic inputs. Due to their high [Cl(-)](i), GABAergic activation depolarized the cells and then induced...